Kapok oil absorbent fiber as
A natural vegetable fiber kapok (Ceiba petandra ) , assessed its viability as a filter to separate mixed liquids such as mixtures of oil / water. Two types of oils , namely diesel and hydraulic investigated. Several simulation oily water prepared by mixing tap water with one of these oils to produce a binary mixture of oil / water of various percentages of oil , such as 5 % , 10 % and 15% by weight . Packing density filter effect on the dynamics of the separation of oil / water during the filtration process and the quality of the filtrate under investigation . Due to the characteristics of the hydrophobic surface – oleopholic kapok fiber , the water can be filtered through a filter while the oil is maintained , causing the separation of oil from water. Filtration efficiency for removing diesel and hydraulic oil from oily water each achieved more than 100 % and 99.4 % , respectively , indicating excellent performance of cotton in removing oil from oily water . Hydraulic conductivity of the filter to decrease with the progress of the front of kapok oil was found . Filtration rate both water and hydrocarbons decreases with increasing the packing density and oil content filter influential . The kapok filter performs equally well in terms of the total filtrate collected before groundbreaking for two different oils , but could rate dependent viscosity filter . A packing density of 0.07 g/cm3 is optimal for removing diesel and hydraulic oil. In advance , / water , oil / air three stages in the filter layer is a function of the concentration of influent oil , oil type, and packing density filters .
This article explores the potential of kapok fiber (Ceiba pentandra) as a natural filter for separating oil-water mixtures. The study investigates the use of two types of oils—diesel and hydraulic—by creating various oil-water mixtures with oil concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight. It evaluates the effect of packing density on the dynamics of oil-water separation and the quality of the filtrate.
Kapok Fiber Characteristics
Kapok has hydrophobic (water-repellent) and oleophilic (oil-attracting) surface properties, which make it ideal for filtering water while retaining oil, thereby separating oil from water. These properties allow the filter to let water pass through while maintaining the oil, making kapok highly effective in removing oil from aqueous mixtures.
Filtration Performance
The results show that kapok fiber is highly efficient in removing oil from oil-water mixtures, with filtration efficiencies exceeding 100% for diesel and 99.4% for hydraulic oil, indicating excellent performance in oil removal. However, the hydraulic conductivity of the filter decreases as the oil front progresses, meaning the filtration rate for both water and hydrocarbons decreases over time, especially as the oil accumulates in the filter.
Influence of Packing Density
The study also investigates how packing density affects filtration performance. As packing density increases, the filtration rate decreases for both water and oil. An optimal packing density of 0.07 g/cm³ is found to be best for separating diesel and hydraulic oils. At this density, the filter performs well in terms of separation efficiency and filtrate volume, even with higher oil concentrations.
Oil Type and Oil Concentration Effects
The type of oil and the oil concentration in the mixture also influence filtration performance. Diesel, with a lower viscosity, allows for faster filtration compared to hydraulic oil, which has a higher viscosity. Filtration rates decrease as oil concentration increases, indicating that higher oil content in the mixture makes separation more challenging.
Filtration Stages
The filtration process occurs in several stages. Initially, an oil layer forms on the surface of the filter, slowing down the filtration rate. As the oil layer thickens, the hydraulic conductivity drops, leading to further reduction in filtration speed. The filter’s performance may also decline over time due to clogging or reduced pore space from accumulated oil.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates that kapok fiber is a promising natural material for separating oil from water in various applications. Its excellent filtration efficiency, high oil removal capacity, and minimal effect on water flow make kapok a viable alternative for oil-water filtration, especially in industries that generate oil-contaminated wastewater. Kapok fiber performs well under different conditions, though factors such as packing density, oil type, and oil concentration can affect its overall filtration efficiency.
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